Planiu g



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OHS. A. SPRING AND WM. H. DERICK, OF KENSINGTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

PLANING-IVIACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 6,249, dated April 3, 1849.

To all whom z'zf may concern.'

Be it known that we, CHARLES A. SPRING and IVM. I-I. Damon, ofKensington, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain Improvements in Planing, Tonguing, and GroovingBoards, and that the following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the principle or character which distinguishes them from all itlierthings before known and of the usual manner of making, modifying, and

using the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, thatforms a part thereof in which- Figure l, is a side elevation. Fig. 2, isa top plan. Fig. 3, longitudinal section through the center of themachine. Fig. 4l detached section showing the mode of moving thegrooving apparatus. i

The nature of our invention consists in the construction and arrangementof the cutter knives or bits for planing boards, and reducing them to athickness, and also tonguing and grooving the same all at one operation.

The machine consists of the following parts: First, a suit-able frame orbench (a) on which the plank rests and slides under the cutters, andwhich is also made to support the other parts of the machine. This issomewhat similar to many machines for the same purpose now in use, onlyit is narrower; it is made suiiiciently strong to sustain theparts thatare attached to it, all' of which is left to the judgment of theconstructor. Near the center, or atnthe proper point on said bench,there is an arch of metal fastened, that extends up a sutlicientdistance above the bench, to support the upper journal of a verticalshaft, (c), on which a disk (c) is fixed, in shapes either an obtusecone or bell-formed, with the concave side downward; to the rim or baseof this cone we attach knives which are gage-shaped on their edges, andproject a little beyond the rim; they are fastened to the concave sides,as shown in the section, Fig. 3, the center space under the cone isoccupied by a frame (g) in which there is a stationary plane bit, thewidth of the plank to be planed, or wider. This frame slides up and downin ways aliixed to the main frame (a) of the machine which may be in onepiece with the arch. This frame (g) has a bar (af) aiiiXed to itdirectly in front of the plane bit, and rising and falling with it,which serves to steady ythe board in its position; and the space betweenit and the bit forms what is ordinarily known as the throat of theplane; on the upper part of the frame (g) there is a step, in which thelower end of the shaft (c) runs, so that when the frame (g) is made torise and fall, the shaft (c) and disk (e) moves up and down with it, bywhich means the thickness of the plank is gaged; the movement of heframe is effected by means of a screw (i) below the bed of the bench;the plank passes into the machine under a roller s or between a pair ofrollers at the same point which may serve as feed rollers by beingproperly geared, as is well known to machinists, or it may be fed in asshown in the drawing, by means of an endless chain, as will be moreclearly described hereafter. The plank, when it reaches the disk cutteris reduced by the gouges to a uniform thickness, and then passes Linderthe stationary bit; after which it is bent downward, so as to clear therear edge of the disk, and then approaches the tonguing and groovingapparatus.

The tonguing apparatus is shown at (Z) and consists of a bar or stock ofmetal (Z) fixed permanently to the face of the bench, in which twelvebits, more or less, are inserted, like those used in hand planes, thenumber of bits being suiicient to cut the tongue at one operation, areso placed that each succeeding one will be set out far enough to take ashaving off beyond the one preceding it, until the tongue is complete.The grooving bits are similarly arranged in a bar (Z), but the bar inwhich they are placed is made to have a lateral motion, -by means of anapparatus shown in the detached section, Fig. 4C, consisting of a platewith two inclined fissures (a, 71,) in its, in which two pins (0,` 0,)affixed to the bar (Z) work, so that when the plate is made to slidelongitudinally, it will cause the bar to move laterally, so as to set itfor any width board; (29) is a lever for setting it in position-butother modes may be adopted. When the board is driven forward by anendless chain, as shown in the drawing, the hooks are so constructed asto rise up and seize the plank, and then draw down, so as to hug the enddown to the bench. The

hooks project up through a fissure in which the chain passes; the hook(Q) forms one of the links, and its upper end that comes against'theendl of the board is made T shaped, and extends over on to the face ofthe bench on each side of the fissure; as it rises up around thecarrying pulley it is thrown upward, and when it is brought into lineafter having seized the board it draws down with a force proportional tothat required to carry the board forward. TWO pressure rollers areemployed to aid in holding down the board; one (s) before the revolvingcutter, and one (s) after it has passed from under the disk. The boardor plank is reduced to an equal thickness by means of the gouges orcut-ters on the disk, under the center of which the board passes andthen passes under the stationary cutter or plane-bits in the frame (g)where there is a single shaving taken off, and the board is smoothed,the shaving passes out under the lower edge of the disk behind, and theplank is carried forward to be tongued and grooved as before described,and is then delivered from the machine.

The diierent parts are moved by proper gearing, which in the machineshown in the drawing consists of a driving shaft (t) that receives itsmotion from any power. On

this shaft there is a hand wheel (15') from which a band (u) extendsforward to a pulley on an 'upright shaft (u) which it drives; on thisshaft there is a band wheel (ZW) that connects by band with a pulley onthe shaft (c) of the disk, by means of which the cutter disk is made torevolve with great velocity; a pinion (W) is also affixed on the drivingshaft, into which a large spur wheel (w) gears, said wheel being placedon the shaft (m) on which the rear carrier-pulley (m) is placed, thatthe chain passes over, and is driven by it, the motion beingsuiiiciently reduced by means of t-he before mentioned pinion and wheel.

Having thus fully described our invention, and its inode of operation,what we claim therein as new, and for which we desire to secure LettersPatent, is-

The combination of the disked cutterwheel (c) and stationary bit in theframe (g) substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth, thewhole being constructed and arranged as above specified.

C. A. SPRING. W. H. DERICK.

Vitnesses:

JOHN Laws, ALLEN DooNKERs, GEO. LANDELL.

